When it comes to hand and wrist health, one condition that is commonly discussed but often misunderstood is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS). It is a problem that affects countless people across India and worldwide, especially those who perform repetitive hand movements or spend long hours on computers and mobile devices. At London Orthopaedic Clinic, Dhantoli, Nagpur, under the expert guidance of Dr. Vishal Sahni (MBBS, MS Ortho, FRCS Ortho, London, MCh Ortho, Liverpool), patients with carpal tunnel syndrome receive precise diagnosis, personalised treatment, and advanced surgical care whenever required.

In this blog, we will explore carpal tunnel syndrome in detail—its symptoms, causes, diagnosis process, and surgical treatment. This information will help patients understand the condition better, make informed choices, and know when to seek timely medical advice.

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passage inside the wrist made up of bones and ligaments. Through this tunnel passes the median nerve, which controls sensation and movement in parts of the hand—especially the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger.

When this nerve is compressed due to swelling, thickened ligaments, or any condition narrowing the tunnel space, it leads to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).

It is not merely a minor wrist problem but a progressive condition that can affect daily activities like typing, writing, cooking, gripping objects, and even sleeping comfortably. If ignored, it may cause permanent nerve damage and muscle weakness.

Common Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Several factors can contribute to the development of CTS. Some of the most common include:

• Repetitive hand use: Continuous typing, sewing, playing musical instruments, or factory work can strain the wrist.
• Prolonged computer/mobile usage: Excessive use of keyboards, laptops, and smartphones without ergonomic support.
• Underlying medical conditions: Diabetes, thyroid disorders, arthritis, and obesity can increase risk.
• Hormonal changes: Especially in women during pregnancy or menopause.
• Injury or trauma: Wrist fractures, sprains, or dislocations may reduce tunnel space.
• Genetics: Some people naturally have a narrower carpal tunnel, making them more prone to nerve compression.

Dr. Vishal Sahni, a specialist in shoulder, elbow, and wrist treatments, emphasises that early recognition of these causes is key to preventing long-term disability.

Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

CTS symptoms usually begin gradually and may worsen over time. Patients may experience one or more of the following:

• Numbness and tingling: A “pins and needles” sensation in the thumb, index, and middle fingers.
• Wrist and hand pain: Pain that may radiate up the arm, often worsening at night.
• Weak grip strength: Difficulty in holding objects, frequent dropping of items.
• Finger stiffness: Especially in the morning after waking up.
• Loss of sensation: Reduced ability to feel touch, temperature, or textures.
• Difficulty with fine movements: Trouble buttoning shirts, holding pens, or using small objects.

In severe cases, muscle wasting at the base of the thumb may occur, showing that the nerve has been compressed for a long time.

How is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosed?

A proper diagnosis is the foundation of effective treatment. At London Orthopaedic Clinic, Nagpur, Dr. Vishal Sahni follows a systematic approach:

1. Medical History and Lifestyle Assessment

The doctor will ask about symptoms, work habits, medical conditions, and activities that may strain the wrist.

2. Physical Examination

Several tests help in identifying CTS:

• Tinel’s Sign: Light tapping over the median nerve may trigger tingling in fingers.
• Phalen’s Test: Holding the wrist in a flexed position for 30–60 seconds may reproduce symptoms.
• Grip strength testing: Weakness may indicate nerve involvement.

3. Nerve Conduction Studies

An advanced test where mild electrical signals are passed to measure nerve function. It shows if the median nerve is compressed and how severe the damage is.

4. Electromyography (EMG)

This test measures muscle activity and can rule out other nerve or muscle-related conditions.

5. Imaging Tests

Though not always necessary, X-rays, Ultrasound, or MRI may be advised to detect bone problems, arthritis, or soft tissue swelling that could contribute to CTS.

Dr. Sahni combines clinical expertise with diagnostic technology to confirm the condition before recommending treatment.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

In the early stages, many patients respond well to conservative treatment. Some options include:

• Wrist Splints: Wearing splints at night keeps the wrist in a neutral position, reducing nerve pressure.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Reducing repetitive wrist movements, adjusting workstations, and ergonomic changes.
• Physiotherapy: Stretching and strengthening exercises to support wrist function.
• Medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help reduce pain and swelling.
• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the carpal tunnel can provide temporary relief in moderate cases.

These methods are effective when the condition is mild or in its early stages. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, surgery may be necessary.

Carpal Tunnel Surgery Explained

When non-surgical methods fail, Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery is considered the gold standard treatment.

What is Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery?

This surgery involves cutting the transverse carpal ligament (the roof of the tunnel) to relieve pressure on the median nerve. By creating more space inside the tunnel, symptoms improve, and nerve function recovers.

Types of Surgery

1. Open Carpal Tunnel Release: A small incision is made in the palm, and the ligament is cut under direct vision.
2. Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release: A minimally invasive procedure using a small camera to cut the ligament with smaller incisions and faster recovery.

Dr. Vishal Sahni is experienced in both methods, ensuring that patients receive the most suitable technique based on their condition and lifestyle needs.

Recovery After Carpal Tunnel Surgery

Recovery is an important phase and determines long-term success. Patients are usually discharged the same day.

• Pain relief: Most patients notice significant symptom relief soon after surgery.
• Bandages and care: Stitches are removed after 10–14 days.
• Physiotherapy: Exercises are prescribed to restore movement and strength.
• Return to activities: Light work can resume in 1–2 weeks, while complete recovery may take 6–8 weeks.
• Long-term results: In the majority of cases, surgery provides permanent relief, though some patients may experience mild weakness or stiffness for a few months.

Why Choose Dr. Vishal Sahni at London Orthopaedic Clinic, Nagpur?

Choosing the right surgeon is crucial for successful treatment. Dr. Vishal Sahni is a highly qualified Orthopaedic Surgeon and Shoulder, Elbow, and Wrist Specialist with extensive training and experience in the UK and India.

• Education & Expertise: MBBS, MS Ortho, FRCS Ortho (London), MCh Ortho (Liverpool).
• Specialisation: Shoulder, Elbow, and Wrist conditions including complex surgeries.
• Advanced Techniques: Proficiency in minimally invasive surgery and modern rehabilitation methods.
• Personalised Care: Focus on accurate diagnosis, patient education, and customised treatment plans.
• Trusted Experience: Over 24 years of orthopaedic expertise with thousands of successful treatments.

Patients at London Orthopaedic Clinic, Dhantoli, Nagpur not only receive expert medical care but also compassionate guidance throughout their treatment journey.