Tennis Elbow
What is Tennis Elbow
Tennis Elbow, clinically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a prevalent and painful condition affecting the tendons on the outer part of the elbow.
Despite its name, Tennis Elbow is not exclusive to tennis players and can develop in anyone who engages in activities involving repetitive gripping and twisting of the forearm.
Causes of Tennis Elbow
Tennis Elbow primarily stems from the overuse and repetitive stress on the tendons connecting forearm muscles to the lateral epicondyle, a bony bump on the outer side of the elbow.
Common causes and risk factors include:
- Repetitive Arm Movements : Engaging in activities requiring repetitive wrist and forearm movements, such as tennis, painting, carpentry, or typing.
- Poor Technique : Incorrect techniques during sports or work activities can increase the risk of tennis elbow.
- Age and Gender : Commonly seen in individuals aged 30 to 50, slightly more prevalent in men.
- Forceful Gripping : Frequent, forceful gripping of objects like tools or racquets.
- Previous Injury : A history of elbow or forearm injury increases the risk.
Symptoms of Tennis Elbow
Tennis elbow manifests with a range of symptoms that develop gradually and worsens over time.
Common signs and symptoms include :
Pain
Prominent pain on the outer part of the elbow, radiating down the forearm. It aggravates during gripping, lifting, or twisting movements.
Weakness
Reduction in grip strength, hindering tasks requiring holding or carrying objects.
Stiffness
Stiffness in the elbow joint, particularly in the morning or after inactivity.
Tenderness
Tenderness on the outer part of the elbow, often to the touch.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing tennis elbow involves a physical examination and imaging studies.
- Physical Examination : Assessment of medical history, symptoms and a physical examination to evaluate pain, tenderness, and strength.
- Imaging Studies : X-rays or MRI scans are usually unnecessary, but essential to rule out other potential causes of elbow pain.
Management and Treatment
Managing tennis elbow focuses on relieving pain and promoting healing. Common treatment options include:
- Rest : Adequate rest for the affected arm to prevent further strain and promote healing.
- Ice : Applying ice to the painful area reduces inflammation and alleviates pain in short intervals.
- Anti-Inflammatory Medications : NSAIDs may be recommended to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Physical Therapy : Exercises and techniques to strengthen forearm muscles, improve flexibility and correct contributing factors.
- Bracing : Wearing a brace or strap to reduce strain on tendons during activities.
- Corticosteroid Injections : In severe cases, injections may be administered to treat pain and inflammation.
- Shockwave Therapy : Non-invasive high-energy sound waves to stimulate healing in the affected area.
Surgery is rarely necessary and is considered only if conservative treatments fail.
Prevention
Preventing tennis elbow involves proper techniques, ergonomic adjustments, and regular conditioning:
- Proper Equipment and Techniques : Ensuring correct techniques and equipment during sports and activities.
- Taking Breaks : Resting forearm muscles during repetitive tasks.
- Strengthening Exercises : Regular exercises to strengthen forearm muscles.
- Overall Fitness : Maintaining good overall fitness and flexibility.
Conclusion
By understanding causes, implementing preventive measures and seeking timely medical advice, individuals can address tennis elbow and regain pain-free use of their elbow.