Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
What is ACJ Dislocation?
Acromioclavicular Joint (AC Joint) Dislocation is a common shoulder injury, that affects the crucial joint connecting the clavicle to the acromion and can result in discomfort and limited mobility. The AC joint, situated at the top of the shoulder, is essential for maintaining shoulder stability and facilitating arm movements. Injuries to the AC joint, particularly dislocations, can disrupt this balance.
Causes of AC Joint Dislocation
AC Joint Dislocations often result from direct shoulder trauma. A few common causes include:
- Falls : Impact on the shoulder or an outstretched hand during a fall.
- Sports Injuries : Athletes engaged in contact sports or shoulder-risk activities.
- Car Accidents : High-impact collisions leading to a direct blow to the shoulder area.
Symptoms of AC Joint Dislocation
Symptoms vary in severity and include:
Pain
Significant pain at the top of the shoulder, worsening with arm movement.
Swelling
Swelling in the shoulder area, possibly with visible deformity or a bump.
Limited Range of Motion
Difficulty performing arm movements requiring raising or rotating.
Tenderness
Tender AC joint area, discomfort even at rest.
Crepitus
Grinding or popping sensation in the shoulder during arm movement.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a combination of:
- Physical Examination : Assessing appearance, functionality, deformity, and tenderness.
- Imaging Studies : X-rays confirming the extent and direction of the dislocation.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity:
Non-Surgical Treatment :
- Rest and Immobilization : Manageable with rest, ice, and a shoulder sling.
- Physical Therapy : Restoring range of motion and strengthening post-healing.
- Corticosteroid Injections : Administered to reduce inflammation and pain.
Surgical Treatment :
- Considered for Severe Cases : Persistent pain and instability.
- Options include Weaver-Dunn Procedure : Reconstructing the AC joint using grafts or hardware.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery varies, with physical therapy crucial for regaining full shoulder function and strength. Following the rehabilitation program and gradually returning to activities is vital.
Conclusion
AC Joint Dislocation, stemming from trauma or accidents, can cause significant pain. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, whether surgical or non-surgical, aimed to restore shoulder stability and function. Seeking medical attention promptly for evaluation and guidance on the most suitable treatment plan is essential for a successful recovery.